Skip to main content

Acid ,Bases and Salt

Acid-  Those subtances which gives H (positive)  ions after dissolving in water .
(Acid ve subtance hote hai jo pani me gholne par H positive ions dete hai )
Example - CH3COOH (acetic acid ), HCOOH(farmic acid ),HCl (hydrochloric acid ) ,H2SO4 (sulphuric acid ) ,HNO3 ( nitric acid ) 
Note - jo acid jitna adhik H ions deta hai wah utna hi jyada acidic hota hai .
For example - H2SO4 water me dissolve hone par 2 H ions deta hai aur HCl water me dissolve krne par kewal 1 H ions deta hai ,bcoz H2SO4 jyada yani ki 2 H ions deta hai isiliye ye HCl se jyada acidic hoga ."agar same concentration hoga to ."
Note 1 - those acid which completely dissolve in water means 100% solubility ,those acid known as strong acid .
Example - H2SO4 ,HCl
Note 2 - Those acid which is not completely dissolve in water known as weak acid .
Example - CH3COOH ,HCOOH.
Base - those subtances which gave OH negative ions after dissolving in water .
(Ve subtance jo water me dissolve krne par OH negative ions dete hai ve base hote hai )
NaOH ,KOH ,NH4OH ,Ba(OH)2.
Salt - When acid and base reacts to each other ,this reaction known as neutralization reaction and in this process salt and water forms.
(Jab acid aur base ki reaction hoti hai to salt banta hai aur is process ko neutralizatuon reaction bolte hai ,is process me hamehsa water banta hai ) 
Example - NH4Cl , NaCl ,KCl ,PbCl2 ,SnCl2 ,SnCl4 etc.

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

cosmetic / lipstick /waxes/formation of lipstick

The Solid Components/waxes: the solid components are responsible for the final Structure of the product by solidifying the liquid matrix. The materials required for attaining a Reasonable body, hardness, melting point and shrinkage necessary for the easy release of theMould are together referred to as natural waxes.The solid components of the formulation are mostly natural waxes which may be classified as Follows: The hydrocarbon waxes: Example: White bees wax (a) The mineral waxes: Example: Ozokerite, ceresine (b) Hard waxes: Example: Carnauba wax, candelilla wax, hard paraffin etc. Micro crystalline waxes •Hydrocarbon Waxes : White Bees wax: It is a so known as the common wax and forms the oily base in the Formulation of lipsticks. Source: It is naturally obtained from honey combs of the honey bee Apis mellifera. Melting Point: the ranges between 62 – 65°C. Concentration: It is used in concentrations of about 3-10% of the total formulation. Available Forms...
Post a Comment
Read more

Cosmetic

Cosmetic- Introduction - Cosmetic is a Greek word which means to 'adorn' (addition of something decorative to a person or a thing). It may be defined as a substance which comes in contact with various parts of the human body like skin, hair, nail, lips, teeth, and mucous membranes etc, Cosmetic substances help in improving or changing the outward show of the body and also masks the odour of the body. It protects the skin and keeps it in good condition. In general, cosmetics are external preparations which are applied on the external parts the body. Even in earlier days, men and women used to decorate their bodies for improvement of appearance. Men used leaves of vegetables and parts of animals whereas women use to wear colored stones and flowers round their neck and wrist. Gradually, they start using colored earth and ointments on their face and body. Even bangles and necklace made of baked earth materials became very common among the people. Eye shado...
Post a Comment
Read more